This paper examines the role of virtual exhibitions in preserving and presenting cultural heritage, focusing on the University Library "Svetozar Marković" in Belgrade as the case study. Virtual exhibitions serve as an efficient tool for preservation, presentation, and promotion of cultural heritage, offering unique insights into archival, library, and museum materials that traditional systems cannot always provide. Through digitization, these exhibitions ensure permanent protection of physical cultural artifacts while making them accessible to a broader audience, thus reducing the need for direct contact with original items. The study analyzes publicly available virtual exhibitions from the University Library, categorized into three thematic areas: exhibitions dedicated to prominent historical figures, cultural heritage presentations and specific thematic events. These exhibitions demonstrate how digitization can effectively bridge geographical and linguistic barriers while protecting valuable cultural artifacts. The paper highlights how these virtual exhibitions go beyond mere digital transformation, incorporating creative elements that combine biographies, bibliographies, and digitized materials including archival documents, books, manuscripts, and photographs. The results show that the University Library's virtual exhibitions represent a successful model of cultural heritage digitization, effectively democratizing access to national cultural heritage while promoting public engagement and cultural awareness.

The paper concerns topics of arithmetic, algebra and geometry which are included in the publication of the Codex Vindobonensis phil. Gr. 65 ff. (11r-126r) of the 15th c. (Chalkou, 2006), and of the manuscript 72 of the 18th c. of the historical Library of Demetsana (Chalkou, 2009). During the study of the 2 manuscripts the interest mainly focused on the mathematical analysis of the methods of the authors, and their significance in the development of the History of Mathematics. The paper also aims to highlight the necessity of easier and broader access to the Sources of Cultural Heritage and the value of digitizing its archives.
We attempt to briefly describe the time the 2 codes were written, the language, the influences and the mathematical fields which comprise their content.
We make known the findings which consolidated the view that the Byzantine manuscripts the Mathematical Encyclopedia of the Byzantines, while the manuscript 72 of the 18th c. is one of the first texts with non-elementary Mathematics during Ottoman rule, and it includes Euclidean Geometry by Nikephoros Theotokes, topics of algebra but also the commercial Mathematics of the Byzantines. From the ‘Mathemataria’ which were found in the School of Demetsana it is evident that the students were taught, among other things, theoretical and practical arithmetic as well as Euclidean geometry from the manuscript 72, which covered syllabus of today’s junior and senior high school. The School was considered higher, and certain manuscripts which were found in its library contain material which is basic but of university level.
The anonymous author of Codex 65 writes that his main source is the work of Greek scholars, and that he has been influenced by the Hindus, the Chinese and the Persians through the Latin scholars due to the commercial transactions between the Byzantines and the West.
In the Codex 65 we discovered categories of problems whose solution is achieved through methods unknown to this day. During the research we studied reliable sources of the History of Mathematics in which no data related to these methods were found (Loria and Kovaios, 1972) and (Heath, 1921) and (Smith, 1958).
Then certain methods led us to formulate and prove new mathematical propositions in the field of number theory.

This text presents the data sources for research on the development of string instrument pedagogy in Macedonian culture, along with the process of digital archiving of the materials. The reconstruction of the history of string instrument pedagogy is carried out through archival documents, interviews and data digitization. Special emphasis is placed on interviews with two prominent violin teachers, Kiril Vangelov and Rumen Dimitriev (a documentary film has also been produced about the latter), which were subjected to thorough research work and documented through multiple blocks of questions detailing their lives and careers. The databases contain information on teachers, students and curricula, and a particular focus on the digitization of materials related to cultural heritage, including detailed organization and annotation of documents, photographs and audio/visual recordings. This process ensures the proper preservation of cultural heritage and creates a basis for future research in the field of string tradition in Macedonian music.

This paper presents the results of the analysis of the Searchable Digitized Historical Newspapers project of the University Library “Svetozar Marković”. The results of the analysis shall be used for improvements of its search functions and implementation of the same in similar future projects.
The first part of the analysis is a usual web analysis of page views, however its second and more important part is the analysis of search functions and queries.
An immediate application of the work is in the Serbian Literary Criticism (Srpska književna kritika) and The Epoch (Epoha) projects, that also include the search of digitized documents, using similar technologies.

The end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century were turbulent times for Serbia, characterized by numerous wars and significant changes in borders and state constitutions. During this period, the railway network in Serbia underwent substantial development. After the completion of the Belgrade-Niš railway, the Prahovo-Zaječar railway was finished before World War I. During the war in 1915, the railway extended to Knjaževac, and by 1922, the entire Prahovo-Niš railway was completed. The railway network in Eastern Serbia was fully realized in 1972 with the opening of the Majdanpek-Bor railway, which connected the Eastern Serbian railways with the Belgrade-Niš railway. This section was primarily constructed across challenging mountainous terrain and featured numerous bridges, tunnels, and viaducts that enhance its appeal to travellers. The focus of this paper is to present the railway and architectural heritage of the Majdanpek-Bor railway, as observed during our travels along this route.

An informal project Interviews with Serbian mathematicians of the Mathematical institute of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts is described. Seven interviews are presented with prominent Serbian scientists who were working in mathematics and mathematically oriented sciences. The interviewer was the author of this article.

The Earth is a large magnet and has a magnetosphere that largely protects it from the influence of the interplanetary magnetic field and the charged particles of the solar wind. Charged particles from active regions and coronal holes that are in a geoeffective position on the Sun move along the lines of the interplanetary magnetic field and reach the Earth's magnetosphere and cause geomagnetic disturbances and storms. The variability of the Earth's magnetic field is an indicator of the influence of Solar activity on the terrestrial system. The development and application of space technology has provided a lot of valuable instrumental data on the activity of the Sun and its influence on the Earth's magnetic and electric fields. This has contributed to the expansion of knowledge and their connection with the mechanism of meteorological processes in the Earth's atmosphere. The entry of charged particles of the solar wind into the Earth's atmosphere causes the appearance of various light-electromagnetic phenomena, starting from auroras, through ordinary lightning, to a multitude of other phenomena that are not easily accessible to the human eye and have been discovered with the development of space and computer technology. Over the last few decades, other forms of auroras and phenomena called blue jets, elves and sprite have been discovered. These light phenomena occur in the higher layers of the atmosphere (stratosphere and ionosphere) as a short-lived flash. The mechanism of lightning in the troposphere is similar to the formation of lightning and auroras in the stratosphere. The charged particles of the solar wind throw out electrons from the atoms of chemical elements in the air, and then the electrons, when returning to their original energy level in the atom, quickly release energy in the form of light. Flashes (lightning) in the higher layers are an indicator of the entry of charged particles from the Sun, and those in the troposphere are also associated with meteorological phenomena, primarily with thunderclouds.

During the recent years the number of international contests in astronomy for secondary school pupils (usually known as Olympiads) has had an increasing tendency. More precisely, at present there exist three Olympiads which are planetary oriented. Bearing in mind the efforts done by the present authors to prepare collections of these international problems for the pupils from Serbia it is easy to understand the quantity of work which is necessary for collecting as many problems as possible. In addition, providing new telescopes implies preparing manuals for their use. In order to have an accessibility of all that material digitisation appears as something indispensable.

This paper considers news as a text corpus. The computational analysis of the news from this perspective requires data mining and analysis techniques that can handle large amounts of unstructured dataprocessing. KNIME, a free andopen-source software (FOSS) that is developed for data science applications, is very suitable for news analysis from this perspective. KNIME offers advanced text mining and analytics capabilities. Here, we develop an example workflow for online news content analysis, as well as a text-network analysis. Furthermore, we explicatein detail the workflow and the KNIME nodes used for these analyses. Our proposed workflow is reasonably versatileand flexible to be applied to other journalistic textual analyses such as similarity, sentiment, frame, discourse, and thematic analyses. This workflow also exemplifies how no/low codedata processing and computing could be effectivelyemployed in journalism and media studies.